[중학교] 기초 영어문법 제18장 동명사

교과서 문법 완전정리 영문법 완성

 

제18장 동명사
  

동명사의 의미상 주어: 

보통 소유격의 형태이지만, 명사일 경우에는 목적격의 형태일 때도 있다. 

또한 일반인이 주어이거나 문맥에 비추어 알 수 있을 때는 생략한다.
  

동명사와 to부정사를 목적어로 취하는 동사: 

동사에 따라 동명사만을 목적어로 취하는 것, 

to부정사만을 목적어로 취하는 것, 

그리고 둘 다 목적어로 취하는 것이 있다.
  

1. 동명사의 의미상의 주어
I am sure of her passing the examination. <- 소유격
She is looking forward to Tom's (Tom) coming. <- 소유격(목적격)
Speaking English well is very difficult. <- 일반인 주어의 생략
I am not ashamed of being poor. <- 주어와 일치
He punished me for breaking the window. <- 목적어와 일치
  

2. 동명사만을 목적어로 취하는 동사
avoid, finish, mind, deny, stop, enjoy, escape, suggest
Have you finished cleaning your room?
Would you mind passing the salt?
  

3. to 부정사만을 목적어로 취하는 동사

decide, desire, wish, expect, hope, offer, want, promise, choose
She wants to be an actress.
I have decided to carry out my plan.
  

4. 동명사와 부정사를 둘 다 목적어로 취하는 동사
begin, continue, forget, hate, intend, like, love, remember
When did you begin learning(to learn) English?
remember, forget, like, hate 은 목적어에 따라 의미의 차이가 있다.

Please remember to wake me up at six. <- 미래의 일

I remember seeing her once. <- 과거의 일
  

5. 동명사가 이루는 관용적 표현
There is no knowing when it may happen. (~하기는 불가능하다)
It is no use crying over spilt milk. (~해도 소용없다)
On seeing the policeman, the thief ran away. (~하자마자, ~할 때)
I feel like sleeping now. (~하고 싶다)

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기초확인문제
  

1. 다음 괄호 안에서 알맞은 것을 고르시오.
(1) Would you mind (to close, closing) the window?
(2) She decided (to help, helping) the poor.
(3) He has finished (to write, writing) a letter.
  

보충학습: 

mind, finish, enjoy 등은 동명사만을 목적어로 취한다.
  

2. 다음 문장에서 _잘못된_ 부분을 바르게 고쳐 쓰시오.
(1) 1 am looking forward to see her again.
(2) There is no tells what may happen.
(3) Her parents don't like she going there.
  

보충학습: 

(1) look forward to ~ing (~을 고대하다)
  

3. 두 문장의 뜻이 같아지도록 빈 칸을 채우시오.
(1) Before you watch TV, you should finish your homework.

= Before (__) TV, you should finish your homework.
(2) I am sure that they will come here. = I am sure of (__) (__) (__).
(3) She insisted that I should go there. = She insisted on (__) (__) there.
(4) He didn't say good-bye and went away. = He went away (__) (__) good-bye.
  

보충학습: 

(2), (3) 동명사의 의미상 주어가 전치사의 목적어로 쓰일 때는 소유격이나 목적격 둘 다 가능하다.
  

4. 동명사의 완료형이나 수동형을 이용하여 빈 칸을 채우시오.
(1) She was accused because she had stolen the money.
= She was accused of (__) (__) the money.
(2) He is ashamed that he is scolded. = He is ashamed of (__) (__).
  

보충학습: 

(1) 완료동명사는 본동사보다 하나 더 앞선 시제를 나타낸다.
  

5. 다음 문장을 우리말로 옮기시오.
(1) Please don't forget to water flowers.
(2) He forgot meeting her once.
  

보충학습: 

미래와 과거의 일에 각각 유의한다.

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정답 및 해설

 

제18장 동명사

1. (1) closing (2) to help (3) writing
2. (1) see -> seeing (2) tells -> telling (3) she going -> her going
3. (1) watching (2) their(them) coming here (3) my(me) going (4) without saying
4. (1) having stolen (2) being scolded
5. (1) 꽃에 물 주는 것을 잊지 마세요. (2) 그는 그녀를 한 번 만났던 것을 잊었다.