[중학교] 기초 영어문법 제19장 to 부정사와 원형부정사

교과서 문법 완전정리 영문법 완성

 

제19장 to 부정사와 원형부정사
  

부정사란 동사의 원형을 일컫는 말로서, 

여기에는 to 가 앞에 붙어 있는 to 부정사와 그렇지 않은 원형부정사가 있다. 

이러한 부정사는 불완전타동사가 만드는 제5형식의 문장에서 목적보어로 쓰일 수 있다.
  

1. to 부정사를 목적어로 취하는 동사: 주로 think, want 등의 의미를 갖는 동사
think, believe, find, suppose, advise, want, ask, allow, tell
I advised him to stay. (= I advised that he (should) stay.)
I thought her (to be) foolish. (= I thought that she was foolish.)
  

2. 원형부정사를 목적보어로 취하는 동사: 사역동사와 지각동사
#a 사역동사 let, make, help, have, bid
Let me know what she said.
She helped her mother (to) wash dishes.

<- help 는 원형부정사나 to 부정사를 모두 목적보어로 취할 수 있다.
#b 지각동사 see, hear, feel, watch
I saw her enter the classroom.
I heard him play the violin.
  

사역동사, 지각동사가 사용된 수동태 문장에서는 to 부정사가 온다.
She made him come here. -> He was made to come here by her.
I saw the boy cross the street. -> The boy was seen to cross the street by me.

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기초확인문제
  

1. 다음 괄호 안에서 알맞은 것을 고르시오.
(1) 1 told her (follow, to follow) the doctor's advice.
(2) Let me (use, to use) your telephone.
(3) They saw her (go, to go) out.
(4) We decided (to not go, not to go) out.
  

보충학습: 

(4) to 부정사의 부정은 to 부정사 앞에 not 이나 never 를 놓는다.

2. 다음 문장에서 _잘못된_ 부분을 바르게 고쳐 쓰시오.
(1) I watched him to swim across the river.
(2) I will have him to do it.
(3) She was bidden go out of the room.
  

보충학습: 

(1), (2) 지각동사와 사역동사의 목적보어, (3) bid (명령하다)
  

3. 두 문장의 뜻이 같아지도록 빈 칸에 알맞은 단어를 쓰시오.
(1) I told him that he should get up early. = I told him (__) (__) (__) early.
(2) She made a decision that she would go. = She made a decision (__) (__).
(3) He grew up and became a great painter. = He grew up (__) (__) a great painter.
  

보충학습: 

(2) make a decision (결심하다), (3) to부정사의 부사적 용법(결과)
  

4. 빈 칸에 이어질 말을 보기에서 각각 고르시오.
(보기) #1 not to get angry about anything, #2 show me her sketchbook, #3 to live in,

#4 some worms move to another place, #5 where to go
(1) I promised (__).
(2) She saw (__).
(3) I made her (__).
(4) I wonder (__).
(5) The house is big enough (__).
  

보충학습: 

enough to 부정사 (~하기에 충분한), where to go (어디로 가야 할지)
  

5. 다음 문장을 우리말로 옮기시오.
(1) I had my brother clean his room.
(2) I felt my pulse beat quickly.
(3) My father told me not to go to the movies.
  

보충학습: 

(2) pulse (맥박)

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정답 및 해설

제19장 to 부정사와 원형부정사
1. (1) to follow (2) use (3) go (4) not to go
2. (1) to swim -> swim (2) to do -> do (3) go -> to go
3. (1) to get up (2) to go (3) to become
4. (1) #1 (2) #4 (3) #2 (4) #5 (5) #3
5. (1) 나는 동생에게 자기 방을 치우게 했다.

(2) 나는 맥박이 급하게 뛰는 것을 느꼈다.

(3) 아버지께서는 나에게 영화를 보러 가지 말라고 하셨다.