[중학교] 기초 영어문법 제21장 주의해야 할 수동태

교과서 문법 완전정리 영문법 완성

 

제21장 주의해야 할 수동태
  

1. 명령문의 수동태
Do it at once. -> Let it be done at once.
  

2. that 절이 포함된 수동태
They say that she is a poet.
-> It is said that she is a poet. <- 가주어 it 사용 (일반인 주어일 때)
-> She is said to be a poet. <- that 절의 she 를 주어로
  

3. 완료형, 진행형의 수동태
He has written a poem. <- 현재완료
-> A poem has been written by him.
She is cleaning her room. <- 현재진행
-> Her room is being cleaned by her.
  

4. 지각, 사역동사의 수동태
I saw her cross the street. <- 지각동사
-> She was seen to cross the street by me.
She made me come here. <- 사역동사
-> I was made to come here by her.
  

5. 수동태로 사용할 수 없는 동사: have, like, want
I have many friends. <- 소유의 뜻일 때
-> Many friends are had by me. (X)
She wanted a cup of coffee.
-> A cup of coffee was wanted by her. (X)
cf. You are wanted on the phone. (네게 전화가 왔다.)

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기초확인문제
  

1. 다음 문장을 수동태로 바꿔 쓰시오.
(1) She has written a novel. -> (__) 
(2) Mother turned off the radio. -> (__)
(3) They say that he is an inventor. -> (__), (__)
  

보충학습: 

(2) turn off (끄다) <- 2어 동사는 함께 움직인다.

2. 다음 중 _잘못된_ 문장을 고르시오.
#1 When was America discovered by Columbus?
#2 A glass of water is wanted by me.
#3 Where will the tower be built?
#4 Was the classroom cleaned by Tom and Jane?
#5 I was allowed to watch TV by him.
  

보충학습: 

have, resemble, like, want 등은 특별한 경우를 제외하고는 수동태로 쓸 수 없다.
  

3. 괄호 안의 단어들을 재배열하여 수동태의 문장을 만드시오.
(1) 가게 주인이 간판을 칠하고 있다.
(is, the storekeeper, the signboard, painted, by, being).
(2) 그것을 비밀로 지키시오.
(secret, be, let, kept, it).
(3) 나는 선생님이 교실로 들어가시는 것을 보았다.
(the classroom, enter, to, seen, by, me, the teacher, was).
  

보충학습: 

(1) signboard (간판), storekeeper (상점주인), (2) 명령문의 수동태
  

4. 다음의 수동태 문장을 능동태로 바꾸시오.
(1) My husband will be made happy by me. -> (__) 
(2) The baby was taken care of by her. -> (__)
(3) She is said to be a TV reporter. -> (__)
  

보충학습: 

(2) take care of... (~을 돌보다), (3) 일반인 주어를 포함한 that 절의 수동태
  

5. 다음 문장을 우리말로 옮기시오. (해석은 능동형으로)
(1) Letters must not be written in red ink.
(2) You are wanted on the phone.
  

보충학습: 

want 는 수동태로 쓰지 못하지만 (2)의 문장은 관용 표현이다.

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정답 및 해설

제21장 주의해야 할 수동태
1. (1) A novel has been written by her. (2) The radio was turned off by Mother,(3) It is said that he is an inventor./He is said to be an inventor.
2. #2
3. (1) The signboard is being painted by the storekeeper. (2) Let it be kept secret.

(3) The teacher was seen to enter the classroom by me.
4.  (1) 1 will make my husband happy. (2) She took care of the baby.

(3) They say that she is a TV reporter.
5. (1) 붉은 잉크로 편지를 써서는 안된다. (2) 너에게 전화가 왔다.