[중학교] 기초 영어문법 제25장 가정법 (2)

교과서 문법 완전정리 영문법 완성

 

제25장 주의해야 할 가정법
  

I wish나 as if와 같이 뒤에 가정법이 와서 반대의 사실을 나타내는 경우와, 

but for와 같이 조건절을 사용하지 않고 가정을 나타내는 경우가 있다.
  

1. I wish..
#a I wish + 가정법 과거: 현재에 이룰 수 없는 소망을 나타낸다.
I wish I were pretty. (~하면 좋을텐데.) (= I am sorry I am not pretty.)
#b I wish + 가정법 과거완료: 과거에 이루지 못한 소망을 나타낸다.
I wish I had had enough money. (~했더라면 좋을텐데.)
(= I am sorry I did not have enough money.)
  

2. as if (though)
#a as if + 가정법 과거: 주절과 같은 시제의 일을 가정한다.
He talks as if he knew everything. (마치 ~인 것처럼)
(= In fact, he doesn't know everything.)
It looks as if he were ill. (= In fact, he isn't ill.)
#b as if + 가정법 과거완료: 주절보다 하나 앞선 시제의 일을 가정한다.
He looks as if he had seen a ghost. (마치 ~했던 것처럼) (= In fact, he didn't see a ghost.)
  

3. But for (Without) = If it were not for..../If it had not been for..
But for(Without) your help, I would fail. (= If it were not for your help, I would fail.)
But for(Without) your help, she should have failed.
(= If it had not been for your help, she should have failed.)

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기초확인문제
  

1. 다음 괄호 안에서 알맞은 것을 고르시오.
(1) 1 wish I (worked, had worked) harder when I was young.
(2) 1 wish I (heard, had heard) the news then.
(3) He talks as if he (saw, had seen) her when he was there.
  

보충학습: 

I wish, as if + 가정법 과거완료

2. 다음 중 _잘못된_ 문장을 고르시오.
#1 I wish I had learned Spanish.
#2 She talks as if she knew the fact.
#3 If it were not for your help, I should be in trouble.
#4 If he were a wise boy, he would not say so.
#5 I wish my daughter is as wise as yours.
  

보충학습: 

as wise as... (~만큼 현명한)
  

3. 두 문장의 뜻이 같아지도록 빈 칸을 채우시오.
(1) I am sorry she was not there. = I wish she (__) (__) there.
(2) If it were not for water, nothing could live.
=(__) water, nothing could live.
=(__) (__) water, nothing could live.
(3) In fact, she has not been ill. = She looks as if she (__) (__) ill.
  

보충학습: 

If it were not for = But for = Without
  

4. 우리말과 같은 뜻이 되도록 빈 칸에 알맞은 말을 쓰시오.
(1) 내가 어제 그를 방문했더라면 좋을 텐데.
I wish I (__) (__) him yesterday.
(2) 게으르지 않으면 그녀는 좋은 학생일텐데.
If it were not for her idleness, she (__) (__) a good student.
(3) 그는 그 사고가 났을 때 거기 없었던 것처럼 말한다.
He talks as if he (__) not (__) there when the accident happened.
  

보충학습: 

idleness (게으름, 태만), (3) accident (사고)
  

5. 다음 문장을 우리말로 옮기시오.
(1) Without air and water, nothing could live.
(2) I wished I had known the fact at that time.
(3) The girl acts as if she were a nurse.

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정답 및 해설

제25장 주의해야 할 가정법
 1. (1) had worked (2) had heard (3) had seen
 2. #5
 3. (1) had been (2) Without, But for (3) had been
 4. (1) had visited (2) would be (3) had, been
 5. (1) 공기와 물이 없다면, 아무 것도 살 수 없을텐데. 

(2) 그 당시 그 사실을 알았더라면 좋았을텐데. 

(3) 그 소녀는 마치 자기가 간호사인 것처럼 행동한다.